Sie sind vermutlich noch nicht im Forum angemeldet - Klicken Sie hier um sich kostenlos anzumelden  
001110110101001000001011100010000011110111000001010011110110010111011111111000000000000010101100101011011100010011100010
100111011101001010011110100010010100101100010001011010010001010000110010011001111101100011101101000010011010110010010101
010110111111011001001000110100010101100001011100101000010111101010111011010110101101101010000110011001111101000001101100
100110011001001011100110000011001101110010011011110111100111000101001110100110001011011010100001010100000001100100111011
111010011010110011110000000000010000011000001010110101101011001111001101110101010001100010011111011100101000111100100000
001100010010010101000011110001001011011010101001001001101101011101011101000010010111000001010100000100101111011100010101
101000001010101110001111001110100010010011101001111110100010001101111001110101111010111110101101100001101111001010101001
010010100101001010101011111001001110010001011100010011010000110100101000111010000000011000110011001011111111000101001000
011101011011011001111111110010101000010011011100010001101110001000000011010101111101010001001110111101100110000101111010
110011111010110010111101101001000100111111110110111011100100001111011000110000101110011001000001111001100011000101110101
100011001101000101000010110001100000011100110110100000111001100001000110010111010001110110001110000010111110000101010000
011000100111010111000101100111101111001100111011101001010111101101110110001001100100001110110001010110111101101000111101
100111000001111100011110010111001111111100111001011111100111111010000001011001010011100000101001101001110100101010001110
011111110110001111011010110000101110010001011111000001010111011010111001111100100100011001000000110000001111000111110011
101110111000111001010110000010000111101101000100100101100000001100010100010000001111011110011001001101000010000100011010
101110111000000111100110100000011100000101110011110101101100111000110101001111001011110011110011000110000010111011001111
010110100110101011000000110000101111001000100010000000010001110110101110101111111100100111111011010000011101101010010110
001001011010101100111001100100101110110100101000010001001010101111110111110011010110110010011010111010110011111100110100
110110111110110111001000011101001000010111011011101110101101110111100010011000110011101010001100100001110111110111100101
111110001110111010001100010101010001100100000010010001001000000110010001100010101010100011100111011010101101110110011110
010111011101100101000111110011010000000011110000111111000100110110010111001100000000100011111100100100100111010011000011
100101000010010110001000011010001010111001101110101110010011000100111110011110111110101100011000110111111101101110101000
111101011101100111101110001000110111011111110001001100010010101011011110101100101110101000100101111100000101100111111110
001010110001111001111100011111001010000100010110010111111100000010110010011010011011101110100001000100000110101010110010
010101000011011001001001101111101110101100010010011100111101100001101000011111000101010010101100110001000100101101100010
010111011000011110010001110101011001100111100001011100100100101010010010011000101110000101100011111001111100111010001111
Sie können sich hier anmelden
Dieses Board hat 159 Mitglieder
1 Beiträge & 1 Themen
Beiträge der letzten Tage
 Profil für codelili23
E-Mail:  
Homepage http://www.shengyuchemicals.com/pharmaceutical-intermediates 
Name  
Benutzer-Titel  
Geschlecht: keine Angabe
Geschriebene Beiträge:
Beschäftigung  
Hobbys  
Wohnort  
Biographie Pharmaceutical intermediates are chemical compounds widely used in manufacturing various types of drugs in bulk quantity and also used for research and development by Pharmaceutical and biopharma companies.


Pharmaceutical Intermediates Market - About the Report


Pharmaceutical intermediates are used as raw materials during the manufacture of bulk drugs. Leading biopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical manufacturing companies are focusing on improving their product footprint globally. These companies are focusing on strengthening their product reach in different countries across the world through various distribution channels. Growth outlook therefore remains positive for pharmaceutical intermediates market as companies continue focusing on enhancing the capacities of their manufacturing plants in various countries of the world.


In its new study, ESOMAR-certified market research and consulting firm Future Market Insights (FMI) offers insights about key factors fuelling demand for pharmaceutical intermediates. The report tracks the global sales of pharmaceutical intermediates in 20+ high-growth markets, along with analyzing the impact COVID-19 has on the pharmaceutical industry in general and the market in particular.






D-Cycloserine Intermediates


Human brain imaging studies indicate that the medial prefrontal cortex activity can predict more than 80% of the variance of chronic back pain intensity. Therefore, the investigators have hypothesized that modulation of brain activity at this site should result in analgesia. D-cycloserine Intermediates have been shown to potentiate conditioned fear extinction. Based on this the investigators hypothesize that chronic neuropathic pain (back pain with radiculopathy) is partially mediated or potentiated by decreased ability to extinguish the pain memory, which the investigators hypothesize to be mediated through reward/aversion brain circuitry, and specifically through the medial prefrontal cortex. They have tested this idea in pre-clinical studies and demonstrated that rats with neuropathic pain show analgesia over the long term when treated with D-cycloserine. In humans with chronic back pain, the investigators hypothesize that D-cycloserine will enhance the extinction of back pain which in turn should result in reduced emotional relevance of the pain, that is reduced suffering. It is quite possible that the overall intensity of the back pain will be unaffected, however, the associated suffering will be significantly attenuated.






Atazanavir


Atazanavir Intermediates are used along with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults and children who are at least 3 months of age and weigh at least 22 lb (10 kg). Atazanavir is in a class of medications called protease inhibitors. It works by decreasing the amount of HIV in the blood. Although atazanavir does not cure HIV, it may decrease your chance of developing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and HIV-related illnesses such as serious infections or cancer. Atazanavir must be given with other medications that treat HIV infection to completely treat the infection. Taking these medications along with practicing safer sex and making other lifestyle changes may decrease the risk of transmitting the HIV virus to other people.


How should this medicine be used?


Atazanavir comes as a capsule and as a powder to take by mouth. Atazanavir capsules are taken with food once a day and maybe given with a pharmacokinetic booster (medication given to increase the levels of another drug in the body) such as ritonavir or cobicistat. Atazanavir powder must be taken with food and ritonavir. Take atazanavir at around the same time every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take atazanavir exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.






What Is an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)?


The Pharmaceutical API is the part of any drug that produces the intended effects. Some drugs, such as combination therapies, have multiple active ingredients to treat different symptoms or act in different ways.


Production of Pharmaceutical APIs has traditionally been done by the pharmaceutical companies themselves in their home countries. But in recent years many corporations have opted to send manufacturing overseas to cut costs. This has caused significant changes to how these drugs are regulated, with more rigorous Federal Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines and inspections put into place. ;


Components of Medications


All drugs are made up of two core components—the API, the central ingredient, and the excipient, the substances other than the drug that help deliver the medication to your system. Excipients are chemically inactive substances, such as lactose or mineral oil in the pill, reports Molkem, a chemical exporter.


Strength of APIs


Manufacturers use certain standards to determine how strong the API is in each drug. However, the standard can vary widely from one brand and process to another. Each brand might use different test methods, that can result in different potencies.


In all cases, manufacturers are required by the FDA to prove the potency of their products in real-life patients, as well as in laboratory conditions.






DISPERSE DYES


Unlike many other types of dyes, disperse dyes are far less water-soluble than other dyes such as acid dyes. As a result, disperse dyes are more commonly used in dye bath solutions. Disperse dyes achieve their best results when the dying process takes place at high temperatures. Specifically, solutions around 120°C to 130°C enable disperse dyes to perform at their optimal levels, enabling the dye to be more evenly distributed and more bold, while at lower temperatures, disperse dyes may result in uneven and less vibrant coloring results.


What are Disperse Dyes used for?


Due to their chemical properties and the behavior detailed above, disperse dyes are typically used for coloring synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, and acetate rayon. Most forms of polyester are hydrophobic and lack ionic properties, which makes them nearly impossible to color with anything other than dispersed dyes.


In addition, at regular temperatures, even when submerged in a dye bath, polyester fibers do not swell, making it difficult for dye molecules to interact with the material. Even at the boiling temperature—of 100°C —the dyeing of polyester is problematic.


For this reason, when dyeing polyester, disperse dyes are used in dye bath solutions at temperatures around 20 to 30° higher than the boiling point of the dye bath solution. At these elevated temperatures required to color polyester, disperse dyes are known to maintain their molecular integrity. For the same reasons that disperse dyes are used to dye polyester, they are also used to dye other synthetic materials that are nonionic. The fact that disperse dyes possess no cationic or anionic tendencies is perhaps the most classifiable characteristic of disperse dyes.


Disperse dyes can also be used in resins and plastics for surface and general coloring uses.






Liquid dispersed dye of the azo or anthraquinone type


A liquid dispersed dye of the azo or anthraquinone type that includes a dispersing agent and dispersing assistant in order to keep the dye dissolved in liquid without sedimentation. The preferred dispersing agent is a sulfonated lignin salt and the preferred dispersing assistant is a surfactant such as polyethylene glycol epoxide ether (EO-1), polyethylene glycol phenolic-formaldehyde epoxide ether (EO-2), or polyethylene glycol amino methylene epoxide ether (EO-3).


This invention concerns liquid dispersed dyes of the azo and anthraquinone types, particularly non-soluble dyes mixed with a dispersing agent and a dispersing assistant in order to allow the non-soluble dye to dissolve or evenly disperse in the liquid, thus providing the dye with excellent thermal and storing stability. The liquid dispersed dye of the azo or anthraquinone type is capable of holding of a homogenous liquid phase to prevention of sedimentation. 
ICQ Nummer  
Registriert am: 29.08.2022
Zuletzt Online 29.08.2022
Letzte Aktivität: noch keine Aktivitäten



Noch keine Verlinkungen vorhanden
Neue Verlinkung zu diesem Profil erstellen:
Melden Sie sich an, um die Kommentarfunktion zu nutzen
Xobor Erstelle ein eigenes Forum mit Xobor
Datenschutz